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Micrographic Terminology

Preservation Microfilming

  • Techniques associated with the production, handling and use of microforms.

  • Creating Microfilm to current ISO Standards that ensures LE ( Life Expectancy) of 500 years.

Microform

  • Roll film/reel (16/35mm)

  • Microfile/Fiche

  • Aperture Cards

  • Cartridge based roll film

Microfilm Generations

  • Master (1N)

  • Duplicate Negative (2N) or Negative Intermediate

  • Duplicate Positive (2P) or Positive Intermediate

  • Service Halide Positive (3P) or Copy Positive

  • COM- Computer Output tMicrofilm

Legacy Microfilming

  • Generally films created before ISO Standards established or implemented. Can be found on Polyester or Acetate.

Acetate Breakdown
Darkroom Processing

  • Generic term for silver-gelatin films; a series of steps principally including developing, fixing, washing and drying

ISO Standards

  • International Standards Organisation, a governing board that documents requirements for microfilming.

Modern Newspapers

  • Generally papers published after 1990.

Retro Newspapers

  • Generally papers published before 1990, where colour and typeface quality was not of a high standard,

Manuscript

  • Generally bound Books, Diaries, Journals, Serials or loose sheets, varying ink qualities and colours, often have handling issues and varying degrees of conditions.

Cine Mode

  • Original document filmed Landscape

  • The lower the ratio the better for text legibility, highly suited for retrdocuments, average frame count for each reel is 500 images.

Comic Mode

  • Original document filmed Portrait.

  • Suitable for filming of modern papers, filmed at a higher ratio as typeface is generally of good quality and high contrast, average frame count for each reel is over 1000 images.

Ratio

  • Relationship between the dimensions of the original and its micro image reduction.

Resolution

  • Focus achieved at time of capture, governed by ISO Standards.

  • Poor Resolution = Fuzzy Text = Poor OCR

Storage

  • Storage requirements of original documents and all generations of microfilms will determine their Life Expectancy.

Planetary Camera

  • Method of microfilming where the document and the film are stationary during capture.

Rotary Camera

  • Method of microfilming where the document and film are in synchronized movement during capture.

Reformatting

  • Transferring information from one format tanother e.g. Acetate film duplicated onto Polyester.

  • New generation of polyester film then becomes the PDM (Preservation Duplicate Master)

OCR